Introduction to Biomedical Instrumentation, Measurements, Design Characteristics, Regulations. Biomedical Electronics. Amplifiers and Signal Processing. Basic Sensors: Temperature and Pressure Sensors, Optical Biosensors; Fiber Optic Biosensors, Fluorescence Sensors, Biomedical Applications. Biomedical Laser Systems. Medical Laser Safety. Light-Activated Therapy, Photodynamic Therapy. Medical Ultrasounds. Ultrasounds Imaging; A-Mode, B-Mode, M-Mode, Doppler Systems. Medical Ultrasounds Safety. Microarray Technology for Genomics and Proteomics. Clinical Laboratory: Analytical Methods; Spectrophotometers, Fluorometers, Analyzers, Flow-Cytometry, Drug Monitoring.